What is the Cause of Diabetes?
There are three types of diabetes. These include type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes. What causes diabetes is different for each of these types. In a healthy persons’ body, glucose is released by the pancreas in small amounts proportional to what you eat.
Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is an immune system disorder. With type 1 diabetes, the body’s immune system will actually attack and destroy the insulin producing cells that are present in the pancreas, thereby causing diabetes. This causes a person’s body to become deficient in glucose. Type 1 diabetes is generally treated with insulin injections or insulin inhalers. This type of diabetes is also known as ‘juvenile’ diabetes because it generally strikes when the patient is young.
Type 2 Diabetes
The most common form of diabetes is type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes, as mentioned above, is an autoimmune disorder while type 2 diabetes is associated with inactivity and obesity. Type 2 diabetes accounts for around 95% of all cases of diabetes in the United States.
When a person has type 2 diabetes their pancreas ceases to produce insulin or it produces it in very small doses. In certain cases individuals with type 2 diabetes may also be affected by insulin resistance. When this happens, glucose that is produced by the pancreas builds up in the blood and is not recognized and absorbed by the patient’s body, causing this type of diabetes.
There are many risk factors that a person can have which increases their risk and may a cause of diabetes. These risks include obesity, inactive lifestyle, high-fat diet, high alcohol consumption, high blood pressure, ethnicity (certain ethnic groups are more prone to diabetes than others), age, and developing gestational diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes may be treated with insulin, diabetes oral medication, and diet and exercise. In many cases a patient will be treated with a combination of these methods. Typically, type 2 diabetes can be controlled to a certain degree with diet and exercise.
Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes occurs in around 4% of women who are pregnant. Due to the hormones released, during a pregnancy a woman may experience higher glucose levels. If a woman’s pancreas cannot accommodate these changes, it will cause diabetes.
Some of the risk factors for gestation diabetes include being overweight when becoming pregnant, having a family history of diabetes, being a member of a high-risk ethnic group, previously being diagnosed with gestational diabetes, having glucose in your urine, and previously giving birth to a baby over 9 pounds or a stillborn baby.
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